BBC Three to Shutter Linear Service in 2015

LONDON: The BBC is planning to close BBC Three as a broadcast channel as of fall 2015, instead reinventing the brand as an online service.

The move will save the BBC more than £50 million a year, of which £30 million will be used toward drama on BBC One. The freed-up spectrum from the closure of BBC Three will be used to extend CBBC by one hour a night and to provide a BBC One +1 service.

Tony Hall, BBC's director-general, said: “Since I came back to the BBC I hope I've made two things clear. First, that the BBC is living with a license fee that for five years will have been flat—it will not have gone up at all. And, at the same time, we are absorbing extra costs that we were asked to take on—for the World Service, S4C and the rollout of broadband. That's why the organization has had to look for savings—so that we, like everyone else in these difficult economic times, can live within our means. My concern—along with that of everybody I meet inside and outside the BBC—is to ensure that the quality of what we do is not compromised along the way. We are here to produce exceptional and distinctive programs and services for Britain and the world. But I do believe, as I said only last week, that the BBC has taken incremental change as far as it can. Something has to give. And that means hard choices. But there is one choice I will never make—and that's to sacrifice quality. And I believe that's what the British public thinks too.

“The second point I've made is that the BBC is, by its nature and history, an organization that constantly reinvents itself, an organization that takes the idea of public service broadcasting—to inform, educate and entertain—and makes it relevant for each generation in our nearly 100-year history. I remember myself the launch of BBC News Online when I was running BBC News. There was a great deal of skepticism, to put it mildly. But we were doing what the BBC and its staff have always done—using our innate creativity to lead the way. That's why now—for this generation—I believe the iPlayer is a key part of the future for public-service broadcasting. It's the gateway for people who increasingly want to watch and listen to what they want, when they want it—on tablets, on mobiles as well as other screens. I am sure that this is going to be increasingly important for our younger audiences. And reaching those audiences is vital for the BBC.

“Reconciling these two aims—financial and strategic—has led us to this difficult conclusion. We should close BBC Three as a broadcast or linear channel and ask Danny and his team to reinvent it as a channel online and on the iPlayer. We propose making this change in the autumn of next year. I believe it’s the right thing to do: young audiences—the BBC Three audience—are the most mobile and ready to move to an online world. Twenty-five percent of viewing by 16- to 24-year-olds is to catch-up or other screens, and over the next few years we expect that to reach 40 percent. We recognize that, for now, most of this audience still do their viewing on television, and that is why we plan to show BBC Three’s long-form content on either BBC One or BBC Two.

“I’m convinced that the BBC as a creative organization will be able to reinvent a space for young people on the iPlayer that will be bold, innovative and distinctive. It will not just be a TV channel distributed online—it will be an opportunity to look at new forms, formats, different durations, and more individualized and interactive content. It will play to BBC Three’s strengths, offer something distinctive and new, and enhance the BBC’s reputation with young audiences. And I will challenge everyone in the BBC to spend much more time focusing on programming for young audiences. We will lead the way.

“Let me just say to Zai and the BBC Three team: you produce, and will continue to produce, amazing programs—bringing new ideas, new stories and new talent to our screens. BBC Three has an extraordinary track record—it’s been home to Gavin & Stacey, Little Britain, Bad Education and, right now, Bluestone 42. I’ve also been seriously impressed by the current affairs I’ve seen—from Blood, Sweat and T-Shirts and Our War, to Reggie Yates’s outstanding reports from South Africa, ending just this week. You can be rightly proud of what you have achieved so far. I want you to carry on making programs for young audiences that continue to break new ground.

“This is the first time in the BBC's history that we are proposing to close a television channel. I can’t rule out it being the last change to our programs or services. It will save the BBC over £50 million a year. £30 million of that will go into drama on BBC One. And it also means we will extend children's programs by an hour a night and provide a BBC One +1 channel. I must stress—all of this is what we are proposing to the BBC Trust. They will have the final say.

“I am certain that this decision is strategically right—but it's also financially necessary, too. Delivering the savings program following the last license-fee negotiation means these changes are happening earlier than they might in a better financial environment. And I don’t simply want to keep salami slicing the budgets in a way that means our frontline staff are always asked to keep doing more with less. I am sure that we will have to face up to further difficult challenges as we build the BBC for the future. But in making those changes, I am determined to ensure we embrace the new opportunities technology gives us—and match that with programming of the highest quality that is simply the best in the world.”

Danny Cohen, the director of BBC Television, said: "This is the biggest strategic decision the BBC has made in over a decade. While it has been an extremely difficult decision born out of financial necessity, I believe it is also a creatively energizing and innovative move. In autumn 2015 we plan to close BBC Three as a linear TV channel and in its place we will develop a bold, ambitious, future-facing new version of BBC Three online. I think this can be transformational for both the BBC’s relationship with young audiences and the BBC’s approach to the digital age overall. When we take BBC Three online we need to see it as a brand-new Service launch. It is an opportunity for both radical thinking and unprecedented collaboration both inside the BBC and with our audiences and creative partners outside the corporation.

“The new version of BBC Three online will continue to have the things we all cherish most about the service—innovative comedy, unrivaled current affairs for young people, incisive and entertaining factual, and original entertainment. I want and expect us to keep making shows for young audiences of the quality of Our War and the public service value of BBC Three’s recent season on young people and mental health. BBC Three will continue to build on the comic brilliance of Little Britain, Gavin and Stacey and Bad Education, of the entertainment value of Russell Howard’s Good News and Backchat. And BBC Three will continue to commission current affairs of the pedigree of recent documentaries on Afghanistan, the Congo, India, South Africa and of course the tough challenges faced by young people here in the U.K. What is changing is the way we deliver these programs to our audiences.

“BBC Three will continue to do all the things we love, but it will also have the freedom to break traditional shackles and allow the BBC to be a leader in digital change. It will not just be a TV channel distributed online. There is a wonderful creative opportunity here to develop new formats with new program lengths—and to reach young audiences in an ever-growing number of ways. Will we still want to make all of our current-affairs documentaries at 60 minutes in the age of Vice and YouTube? Will we find that contemporary documentary and formats work much better at 40 or 45 minutes than 58? What will we learn about the length we want to make each episode of our dramas or comedies, perhaps learning from new market players like Netflix and Amazon? Although I’m sure that video—televisual—content will be at the core of the new BBC Three, we’ll need to challenge ourselves to think and create differently. In this sense, BBC Three will be the spearhead for a new age of digital change for the BBC. It will be the pathfinder as we learn how audience behavior is changing in the coming years—and it will allow the BBC to be ready for the next waves of disruptive digital disruption.

“We will also make sure that every piece of long-form BBC Three content finds a home on one of our linear television channels. We do not want our content for young audiences to be available only to those with a broadband connection—and we don’t want anyone to miss out on the great new programs we will be producing. So every long-form program will be transmitted on either BBC One or BBC Two, with most playing at 10:35 p.m. or a little later. Playing them on BBC One will massively increase the reach of these programs for young audiences and guarantee that we do not risk creating a ‘haves and have nots,' a digital divide when it comes to enjoying what we are making for the public. It will also make BBC Three an even more exciting place to be for on-screen talent. Their shows will be shown on BBC Three’s new home on iPlayer but they will also know that their work will get a showing on either the nation’s biggest television channel, BBC One or the hugely popular BBC Two.

“There is undoubtedly a strong counter-argument to this change and I want to be direct and open about that. The BBC has less money than it used to, but it is trying to do ever more. That is why we are making this decision on BBC Three now. In an ideal world we would not be making this move for a few more years. Given an entirely free hand I would make this change in about four or five years’ time, using the years between now and then to slowly shift the balance between linear and on-demand BBC Three content. That would be a safer, less risky strategy. But we don’t have the choice to wait and do that due to the investments we need to make. I want to protect program budgets from more major cuts across the board and the BBC has to find the money for new obligations, including the World Service that will cost £350 million a year.”